The Periodic Table of Visas
U.S. nonimmigrant visas are almost as diverse and varied as the chemical elements of the periodic table.
I’ve created a tool to help you understand them.
Visas are divided into two classes: those that do and don’t require an approved USCIS petition.
They’re further classified by categories on the basis of their purpose:
Travel
Study or exchange
Work
Special
Interactive Periodic Table of U.S. Non-Immigrant Visas
Click on a visa to see its eligibility requirements, conditions and limitations.
Legend:
Individual Visa Classifications
Travel Visas
Work Visas
Study/Exchange Visas
Family Visas
Special Visas
Dual-Intent Visas
Limited Dual-Intent Visas
Footnote:
*Neither dual-intent nor limited dual-intent extend to support personnel on O and P visas
© 2024 Jan Albrecht. All Rights Reserved
* Notes:
All visas are classified by their relation to the U.S. immigration law doctrine of dual-intent. The way the U.S. immigration law is written, nonimmigrants in some selected visa classes are allowed to pursue permanent residence while they remain nonimmigrants, which is not an option for others.
Different classes of parolees are excluded from the table because they are not admitted but rather paroled into the country. So their admission is not comparable with nonimmigrants on temporary visas.
ESTA (visa waiver) nonimmigrants are also excluded from the table because of special conditions governing their admission.
Dual-intent visas include not only those which are expressly defined as such in the applicable statutes and regulations, but also those which do not require maintaining a foreign residence with no intention of abandoning it, as well as those where dual-intent is implied, though not expressly stated, by the applicable statute or regulations.
The limited dual-intent visas concept doesn’t exist in statutes or regulations. I introduced this category in order to properly classify the remaining visas. On the one hand, these limited dual-intent visas expressly require nonimmigrants to maintain a foreign residence with no intention of abandoning it; on the other hand, these visas do not prevent nonimmigrants from entering into the U.S., changing status, or maintaining status while having approved or pending labor certifications or immigrant visa petitions.
Some visas marked as limited dual-intent require the intent to return to one’s home country at the end of a temporary stay in the U.S. Yet they allow the pursuit of all permanent residence options short of seeking adjustment of status to permanent resident at the time of visa application or admission.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Temporary visitor for business
Work Authorization
Status is for temporary entry for business; may not engage in gainful employment in the United States or receive remuneration from US employers.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
No more than 1 year.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Increments of no more than 6 months.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Temporary visitor for pleasure
Work Authorization
Not Eligible.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
No more than 1 year; minimum approval of 6 months.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Increments of no more than 6 months.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Alien in transit directly through U.S.
8 CFR 214.2(c)
Work Authorization
Not Eligible.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Maximum of 29 days.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Extension of stay not permitted.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Not permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Combined transit and crewman visa
8 CFR 214.2(c)
Work Authorization
Not Eligible.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Maximum of 29 days.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Extension of stay not permitted.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Not permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Alien in transit to UN headquarters district under Section 11.(3), (4), or (5) of the Headquarters Agreement
8 CFR 214.2(c)
Work Authorization
Status is for temporary entry in transit to the United Nations, other employment is not permitted.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Maximum of 29 days.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Extension of stay not permitted.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Not permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Foreign government official, members of immediate family, attendant, servant, or personal employee, in transit
8 CFR 214.2(c)
Work Authorization
Status is for temporary entry in transit as crewmember, other employment is not permitted.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Maximum of 29 days.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Extension of stay not permitted.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Not permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Ambassador, public minister, career, diplomatic or consular officer, and members of immediate family.
8 CFR 214.2(a)
Work Authorization
Status is for temporary entry as foreign government official; may not engage in other employment.
A-1 dependents: Eligible, if formal bilateral agreements or informal defacto reciprocal arrangements are in place, and with Department of State (DOS) recommendation. Must apply to USCIS for work authorization if approved by DOS. Work authorization may be granted in increments of no more than 3 years.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Duration of status.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Not applicable.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Other foreign government official or employee, and members of immediate family.
8 CFR 214.2(a)
Work Authorization
Status is for temporary entry as foreign government official; may not engage in other employment.
A-2 dependents: Eligible, if formal bilateral agreements or informal defacto reciprocal arrangements are in place, and with Department of State (DOS) recommendation. Must apply to USCIS for work authorization if approved by DOS. Work authorization may be granted in increments of no more than 3 years.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Duration of status.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Not applicable.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Attendant, servant, or personal employee of A-1 and A-2, and members of immediate family.
8 CFR 214.2(a)
Work Authorization
Status is for temporary entry as employee of A-1 or A-2; may not engage in other employment.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
No more than 3 years.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Increments of no more than 2 years.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Crewmember departing on same vessel of arrival
8 CFR 214.2(d)
Work Authorization
May be employed only in a capacity on the vessel or aircraft of arrival, or of the same transportation company. May perform crewmember duties through stopovers on international flights for any U.S. carrier where such flights uses a single aircraft and has an origination or destination point outside the United States.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Maximum of 29 days.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Extension of stay not permitted.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Not permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Crewmember departing by means other than vessel of arrival
8 CFR 214.2(d)
Work Authorization
May be employed only in a capacity on the vessel or aircraft of arrival, or of the same transportation company. May perform crewmember duties through stopovers on international flights for any U.S. carrier where such flights uses a single aircraft and has an origination or destination point outside the United States.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Maximum of 29 days.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Extension of stay not permitted.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Not permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Treaty Trader, spouse and children
8 CFR 214.2(e)(1)
Work Authorization
May be employed only by the treaty-qualifying company through which the alien attained the status.
E-1 dependents: Spouses may apply to USCIS for work authorization.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
No more than 2 years.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Increments of no more than 2 years.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Treaty Investor, spouse and children
8 CFR 214.2(e)(2)
Work Authorization
May be employed only by the treaty-qualifying company through which the alien attained the status.
E-2 dependents: Spouses may apply to USCIS for work authorization.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
No more than 2 years.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Increments of no more than 2 years.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Australian citizens going to work in specialty occupations in the U.S.; their spouses and children.
22 CFR 41.51(c)
Work Authorization
May be employed only by the petitioner through whom the status was obtained.
E-3 dependents: Spouses may apply to USCIS for work authorization.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
No more than 2 years.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Increments of no more than 2 years.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
10500.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Principal resident representative of recognized foreign member government to international organization, and members of immediate family.
8 CFR 214.2(g)
Work Authorization
May only be employed by the foreign government entity or the international organization through which the alien attained the status.
G-1 dependents: Eligible, if formal bilateral agreements or informal defacto reciprocal arrangements are in place, and with DOS recommendation. Must apply to USCIS.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Duration of status.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Not applicable.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Other representative of recognized foreign member government to international organization, and members of immediate family.
8 CFR 214.2(g)
Work Authorization
May only be employed by the foreign government entity or the international organization through which the alien attained the status.
G-2 dependents: Eligible, if formal bilateral agreements or informal defacto reciprocal arrangements are in place, and with DOS recommendation. Must apply to USCIS.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Duration of status.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Not applicable.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Representative of non-recognized or nonmember government to international organization, and members of immediate family
8 CFR 214.2(g)
Work Authorization
May only be employed by the foreign government entity or the international organization through which the alien attained the status.
G-3 dependents: Eligible, if formal bilateral agreements or informal defacto reciprocal arrangements are in place, and with DOS recommendation. Must apply to USCIS.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Duration of status.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Not applicable.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
International organization officer or employee, and members of immediate family
8 CFR 214.2(g)
Work Authorization
May only be employed by the foreign government entity or the international organization through which the alien attained the status.
G-4 dependents: Eligible, if formal bilateral agreements or informal defacto reciprocal arrangements are in place, and with DOS recommendation. Must apply to USCIS.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Duration of status.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Not applicable.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Attendant, servant, or personal employee of G-1, G-2, G-3, G-4, or members of immediate family
8 CFR 214.2(g)
Work Authorization
Status is for temporary entry in the employ of G-1, G-2, G-3, or G-4 principal; may not engage in other employment in the United States.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
No more than 3 years.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Increments of no more than 2 years.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Visas for foreign media representatives
8 CFR 214.2(i)
Work Authorization
Status is for temporary entry as representative of foreign media; may not change medium or employer w/o USCIS permission.I dependents: Not work authorized.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Duration of employment.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Not applicable.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Principal Permanent Representative of Member State to NATO and resident members of official staff or immediate family
5 US Treaties 1094Article 20,
5 US Treaties 1098 8 CFR 214.2(s)
Work Authorization
May be employed only by NATO.
NATO-1 dependents: Eligible; may accept, or continue in, unrestricted employment based on bilateral agreement with favorable recommendation by the NATO Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic (SACLANT). Must apply for employment authorization.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Not applicable – Normally exempt from inspection.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
None.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Other representatives of member State; Dependents of Member of a Force entering in accordance with the provisions of NATO Status-of-Forces agreement; Members of such a Force if issued visas
5 US Treaties 1094Article 1,
4 US Treaties 1794Article 3,
4 US Treaties 1796 8 CFR 214.2(s)
Work Authorization
May be employed only by NATO.
NATO-2 dependents: Eligible; may accept, or continue in, unrestricted employment based on bilateral agreement with favorable recommendation by the NATO Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic (SACLANT). Must apply for employment authorization.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Not applicable – Normally exempt from inspection.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
None.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Official clerical staff accompanying Representative of Member State to NATO or immediate family
Article 14, 5 US Treaties 1096
8 CFR 214.2(s)
Work Authorization
May be employed only by NATO.
NATO-3 dependents: Eligible; may accept, or continue in, unrestricted employment based on bilateral agreement with favorable recommendation by the NATO Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic (SACLANT). Must apply for employment authorization.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Not applicable – Normally exempt from inspection.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
None.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Official of NATO other than those qualified as NATO-1 and immediate family
Article 18, 5 US Treaties 1096
8 CFR 214.2(s)
Work Authorization
May be employed only by NATO.
NATO-4 dependents: Eligible; may accept, or continue in, unrestricted employment based on bilateral agreement with favorable recommendation by the NATO Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic (SACLANT). Must apply for employment authorization.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Not applicable – Normally exempt from inspection.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
None.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Expert other than NATO officials qualified under NATO-4, employed on behalf of NATO and immediate family
Article 21, 5 US Treaties 1100
8 CFR 214.2(s)
Work Authorization
May be employed only by NATO.
NATO-5 dependents: Eligible; may accept, or continue in, unrestricted employment based on bilateral agreement with favorable recommendation by the NATO Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic (SACLANT). Must apply for employment authorization.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Not applicable – Normally exempt from inspection.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
None.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Member of civilian component who is either accompanying a Force entering in accordance with the provisions of the NATO Status-of-Forces agreement; attached to an Allied headquarters under the protocol on the Status of International Military headquarters set up pursuant to the North Atlantic Treaty; and their dependents.
Article 1, 4 US Treaties 1794
Article 3, 5 US Treaties 877
8 CFR 214.2(s)
Work Authorization
May be employed only by NATO.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Duration of status.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Not applicable.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Servant or personal employee of NATO-1, NATO-2, NATO-3, NATO-4, NATO-5, NATO-6, or immediate family
Articles 12-20,
5 US Treaties 1094 – 1098
8 CFR 214.2(s)
Work Authorization
Status is for temporary entry as employee of NATO 1-6 nonimmigrant.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
No more than 3 years.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Increments of no more than 2 years.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) Visas
Visas for Canadians and Mexicans
Canadians: 8 CFR 214.6(d)
Mexicans: 8 CFR 214.6(e)
Work Authorization
May be employed only by the petitioner through whom the status was obtained.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Initial admission up to 3 years.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
In increments of up to 3 years.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Spouse or child accompanying TN
8 CFR 214.6(j)
Work Authorization
Not work authorized.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Same as principal alien.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Same as principal alien.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Academic Student
8 CFR 214.2(f)
Work Authorization
With permission of USCIS.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Duration of status.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Not applicable.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Spouse or child of F-1
8 CFR 214.2(f)
Work Authorization
Not work authorized.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Duration of status of F-1.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Not applicable.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Visas for exchange visitors
8 CFR 214.2(j)
Work Authorization
May be employed only by the exchange visitor program sponsor or appropriate designee and within the guideleines of the program approved by DOS as set forth in the Form DS-2019.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Period specified on SEVIS Form DS-2019 (plus 30 days for travel).
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Must obtain new Form DS-2019.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted;
Not permitted, if subject to 2 year foreign residency requirement under Section 212(e), unless a waiver is recommended by DOS and granted by USCIS.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Visas for exchange visitors
8 CFR 214.2(j)
Work Authorization
May be employed only by the exchange visitor program sponsor or appropriate designee and within the guideleines of the program approved by DOS as set forth in the Form DS-2019.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Period specified on SEVIS Form DS-2019 (plus 30 days for travel).
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Must obtain new Form DS-2019.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted;
Not permitted, if subject to 2 year foreign residency requirement under Section 212(e), unless a waiver is recommended by DOS and granted by USCIS.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Vocational student or other nonacademic student
8 CFR 214.2(m)
Work Authorization
Employment other than for practical training is not authorized. Practical training may be authorized only after completion of the course of study and if approved by USCIS. Proposed employment must be for practical training related to the student’s course of study, and designated school official must determine that comparable employment is not available in student’s country of residence. One month of practical training may be authorized for every 4 months of full-time study completed, with a maximum of 6 months total for practical training. M-1 border commuter students are not authorized to accept any employment for practical training.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Specified period nessesary to complete course of study, plus an additional 30 days to depart the United States, but not to exceed a total period of 1 year. An M-1border commuter student is not entitled to the additional 30-day period of stay.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Cumulative extensions limited to 3 years from start date, plus 30 days.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Spouse or child of M-1
8 CFR 214.2(m)
Work Authorization
Not work authorized.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Same as M-1 principal alien.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Same as principal.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Parent of alien classified SK-3 “Special Immigrant”
Work Authorization
Eligible, with no restrictions as to location or type of employment.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Not to exceed 3 years. Status terminates on the date the child no longer qualifies as a child.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Increments of up to but not to exceed 3 years.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Child of N-8, SK-1, SK-2, or SK-4 “Special Immmigrant”
through (iv)
Work Authorization
Eligible, with no restrictions as to location or type of employment.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Not to exceed 3 years. Status terminates on the date the child no longer qualifies as a child.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Increments of up to but not to exceed 3 years.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Specialty Occupations, DOD (Department of Defense) workers, fashion models
8 CFR 214.2(h)(4)
Work Authorization
May be employed only by the petitioner through whom the status was obtained.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Period of approved petition not to exceed 3 years. In increments no more than 3 years.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Up to 3 years; up to 5 years for DOD workers; maximum continuous stay is 6 years; for DOD workers – 10 years.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
65,000 for all H-1B plus 20,000 for U.S. Master’s degree holders.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Citizens of Chile and Singapore going to work in specialty occupations in the U.S.; their spouses and children
214(g)(8)(A)
8 CFR 101(a)(15)(H)(i)(b)(i)
Work Authorization
Status for professionals entering under trade agreements; may be employed only by the petitioner through whom the status was obtained.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Maximum of 1 year.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Increments of 1 year; no limit on number of extensions.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
Included in 65,000 cap; 1,400 H1B1 visas are available for Chileans and 5,400 are set aside for Singaporean nationals.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Nurses going to work for up to three years in health professional shortage areas
8 CFR 214.2(h)(3)
Work Authorization
May be employed only by the petitioner through whom the status was obtained.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Period of approved petition. Maximum stay is 3 years.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Extension of stay not permitted beyond 3 year limit on continuous stay.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
500.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Temporary Agricultural Worker
8 CFR 214.2(h)(5)
Work Authorization
May be employed only by the petitioner through whom the status was obtained.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Period of approved petition not to exceed 364 days.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Increments of 1 year; maximum stay 3 years.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Temporary worker: skilled and unskilled
8 CFR 214.2(h)(6)
Work Authorization
May be employed only by the petitioner through whom the status was obtained.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Period of approved petition not to exceed 364 days.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Increments of 1 year; maximum stay 3 years.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
66000.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Trainee
8 CFR 214.2(h)(7)
Work Authorization
May be employed only by the petitioner through whom the status was obtained.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Period of approved petition not to exceed 2 years; 18 months for special education program.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Extension of stay not permitted beyond the limits on continuous stay.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None; 50 for special education programs.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Spouse or child of H-1, H-2, H-3
8 CFR 214.2(h)(9)(iv)
Work Authorization
Not work authorized.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Same as for principal alien.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Same as for principal.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Intracompany Transferee Executive, managerial
8 CFR 214.2(l)
Work Authorization
May be employed only by the petitioner through whom the status was obtained.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Validity of approved petition not to exceed 3 years.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Increments of up to 2 years; no extensions beyond maximum limit of 7 years on continuous stay.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Intracompany Transferee Specialized knowledge
8 CFR 214.2(l)
Work Authorization
May be employed only by the petitioner through whom the status was obtained.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Validity of approved petition not to exceed 3 years.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Increments of up to 2 years; no extensions beyond maximum limit of 5 years on continuous stay.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Spouse or child of L-1
8 CFR 214.2(l)
Work Authorization
Spouses may apply to USCIS for work authorization.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Same as principal L-1 nonimmigrant.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Same as principal.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Extraordinary ability in Sciences, Arts, Education, Business, or Athletics
8 CFR 214.2(o)(1),
8 CFR 214.2(o)(2),
8 CFR 214.2(o)(3)
Work Authorization
May be employed only by the petitioner or agent through whom the status was obtained.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Period of approved petition not to exceed 3 years.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Increments up to 1 year if with same employer/agent; 3 years if changing employers.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Aliens accompanying and/or assisting O-1 alien(s)
8 CFR 214.2(o)(4)
Work Authorization
Status is for temporary entry to assist O-1 nonimmigrant; may not engage in other employment.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Period of time nessesary to assist O-1 alien, not to exceed 3 years.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Increments up to 1 year.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Spouse or child of O-1 or O-2
8 CFR 214.2(o)(5)
Work Authorization
Dependents of O-1, O-2, O-3 visa holders are not work authorized.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Same as O-1 principal alien.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Same as O-1 principal alien.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Entertainment groups and individual or team athletes
8 CFR 214.2(p)(4)
Work Authorization
May be employed only by the petitioner through whom the status was obtained.
P-1 support alien: Status is for temporary entry to assist P-1 nonimmigrant alien; may not engage in other employment.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
P-1 individual athlete: Petition valid for a period up to 5 years.
P-1 athletic team: Petition valid for time to complete competition or event, not to exceed 1 year.
P-1 entertainment group: Petition valid for time to complete competition or event, not to exceed 1 year.
P-1 support alien: Petition valid for time necessary to complete the event, activity, or performance of P-1 alien, not to exceed 1 year.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
P-1 individual athlete: Up to 5 years for a total stay not to exceed 10 years.
P-1 athletic team and P-1 entertainment group: Up to 1 year to complete same event or activity for which admitted.
P-1 support alien: Same as P-1 alien whom support alien is assisting.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Artists and entertainers in reciprocal Exchange programs
8 CFR 214.2(p)(5)
Work Authorization
P-2 reciprocal exchange program: May be employed only by the petitioner through whom the status was obtained.
P-2 support alien: Status is for temporary entry to assist P-2 nonimmigrant alien; may not engage in other employment.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Petition valid for time necessary to complete the event, activity, or perfomance of P-2 alien, not to exceed 1 year.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Up to 1 year to complete same event or activity for which admitted.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Artists and entertainers in culturally unique programs
8 CFR 214.2(p)(6)
Work Authorization
P-3 reciprocal exchange program: May be employed only by the petitioner through whom the status was obtained.
P-3 support alien: Status is for temporary entry to assist P-3 nonimmigrant alien; may not engage in other employment.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Petition valid for period of time necessary to complete the event, activity, or perfomance of P-3 alien, not to exceed 1 year.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Up to 1 year to complete same event or activity for which they were admitted.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Spouse or child of P-1, 2, or 3
8 CFR 214.2(p)(8)(iii)(D)
Work Authorization
Not work authorized.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Same as for P-1, P-2, or P-3 alien beneficiary.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Same as for alien benefeciary.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Religious workers
8 CFR 214.2(r)
Work Authorization
May be employed only by the religious organization through which the status was obtained.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Validity of approved petition not to exceed 3 years.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Increments of up to 2 years with a maximum limit of 5 years on continuous stay.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Spouse or child of R-1
8 CFR 214.2(r)
Work Authorization
Not work authorized.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Same as for principal alien.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Same as principal.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
International cultural exchange visitors
8 CFR 214.2(q)
Work Authorization
May be employed only by the petitioner through whom the status was obtained.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Duration of program, not to exceed 15 months, plus 30 days for travel.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Not to exceed total stay of 15 months.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Fiance(e) of US Citizen
8 CFR 214.2(k)
Work Authorization
Eligible. Must apply to USCIS for work authorization.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
90 days.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Extension of stay not permitted.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Must marry US citizen petitioner and apply for adjustment of status to permanent resident within 90 days of admission. Not permitted to adjust status to permanent resident under another immigrant classification or seek change of status to another nonimmigrant classification.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Minor child of K-1
8 CFR 214.2(k)
Work Authorization
Eligible. Must apply to USCIS for work authorization.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Same as for principal K-1.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Extension of stay not permitted.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Same as principal alien. Not permitted to adjust status to permanent resident under another immigrant classification or seek change of status to another nonimmigrant classification.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Spouse of a U.S. Citizen (LIFE Act)
8 CFR 214.2(k)
Work Authorization
Eligible. Must apply to USCIS for employment authorization.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Admitted for a period of 2 years.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Increments of 2 years.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Child of K-3 (LIFE Act)
8 CFR 214.2(k)
Work Authorization
Eligible. Must apply to USCIS for employment authorization.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Admitted for a period of 2 years, or until age 21.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Increments of 2 years.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Spouse of an LPR who is the principal beneficiary of a family-based petition (Form I-130) which was filed prior to December 21, 2000, and has been pending for at least three years
8 CFR 214.15
Work Authorization
May apply to USCIS; employment authorization may be granted to aliens in V nonimmigrant status valid for a period equal to the alien’s authorized admission as a V nonimmigrant not to exceed 2 years.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Not to exceed 2 years.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Not to exceed 2 years.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Child of an LPR who is the principal beneficiary of a family-based visa petition (Form I-130) that was filed prior to December 21, 2000, and has been pending for at least three years
8 CFR 214.15
Work Authorization
May apply to USCIS; employment authorization may be granted to aliens in V nonimmigrant status valid for a period equal to the alien’s authorized admission as a V nonimmigrant not to exceed 2 years.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Not to exceed 2 years, or the day before the alien’s 21st birthday.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Not to exceed 2 years, or the day before alien turns 21.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
The derivative child of a V-1 or V-2
8 CFR 214.15
Work Authorization
May apply to USCIS; employment authorization may be granted to aliens in V nonimmigrant status valid for a period equal to the alien’s authorized admission as a V nonimmigrant not to exceed 2 years.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Not to exceed 2 years, or the day before the alien’s 21st birthday.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Not to exceed 2 years, or the day before alien turns 21.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
Permitted.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Victim of a severe form of trafficking in persons
8 CFR 214.11
Work Authorization
Eligible, if authorized by USCIS. Employment authorization expires when status as T nonimmigrant expires.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
3 years maximum.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Extension of stay not permitted, except for those who timely apply for adjustment of status.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
5,000.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
May not change to other nonimmigrant category; permitted to apply for Adjustment of status to Permanent Resident after 3 years.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Spouse of a victim of a severe form of trafficking in persons
8 CFR 214.11(o)
Work Authorization
May apply for employment authorization with USCIS. Employment authorization expires when status as T nonimmigrant expires.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
3 years maximum.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Extension of stay not permitted, except for those who timely apply for adjustment of status.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
May not change to other nonimmigrant category; permitted to apply for Adjustment of status to Permanent Resident after 3 years.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Child of victim of a severe form of trafficking in persons
8 CFR 214.11(o)
Work Authorization
May apply for employment authorization with USCIS. Employment authorization expires when status as T nonimmigrant expires.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
3 years maximum.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Extension of stay not permitted, except for those who timely apply for adjustment of status.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
May not change to other nonimmigrant category; permitted to apply for Adjustment of status to Permanent Resident after 3 years.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Parent of victim of a severe form of trafficking in persons (if T-1 victim is under 21 years of age)
8 CFR 214.11(o)
Work Authorization
May apply for employment authorization with USCIS. Employment authorization expires when status as T nonimmigrant expires.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
3 years maximum.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Extension of stay not permitted, except for those who timely apply for adjustment of status.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
May not change to other nonimmigrant category; permitted to apply for Adjustment of status to Permanent Resident after 3 years.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Victim of Certain Criminal Activity
Work Authorization
Eligible, if authorized by USCIS.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
4 years maximum.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Only in exceptional circumstances upon recommendation from law enforcement agency.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
10,000.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
May not change to other nonimmigrant category; permitted to apply for Adjustment of status to Permanent Resident after 3 years.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Spouse of U-1
Work Authorization
Eligible, if authorized by USCIS.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
4 years maximum.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Only in exceptional circumstances upon recommendation from law enforcement agency.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
May not change to other nonimmigrant category; permitted to apply for Adjustment of status to Permanent Resident after 3 years.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Child of U-1
Work Authorization
Eligible, if authorized by USCIS.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
4 years maximum.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Only in exceptional circumstances upon recommendation from law enforcement agency.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
May not change to other nonimmigrant category; permitted to apply for Adjustment of status to Permanent Resident after 3 years.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Parent of U-1, if U-1 is under 21 years of age
Work Authorization
Eligible, if authorized by USCIS.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
4 years maximum.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Only in exceptional circumstances upon recommendation from law enforcement agency.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
May not change to other nonimmigrant category; permitted to apply for Adjustment of status to Permanent Resident after 3 years.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Informant of criminal organization information
Work Authorization
May apply for employment authorization with USCIS.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Time specified by requesting law enforcement agency not to exceed 3 years.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Extension of stay not permitted.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
200
Dependents and accompanying family members of S-5: None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
May not change to other nonimmigrant category; permitted to apply for Adjustment of status to Permanent Resident after 3 years.
Visa Category Description & Legal Citation
Informant of terrorism information
Work Authorization
May apply for employment authorization with USCIS.
Restrictions on Initial Admission
Time specified by requesting law enforcement agency not to exceed 3 years.
Restrictions and Limitations on Extension of Stay
Extension of stay not permitted.
Annual Cap on Visa Issuance
50
Dependents and accompanying family members of S-6: None.
Change of Status to Other Nonimmigrant Visa Categories or Adjustment of Status to Permanent Resident
May not change to other nonimmigrant category; permitted to apply for Adjustment of status to Permanent Resident after 3 years.